HEADLINES
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NEWS ON MIGRANTS
Burmese migrants to remit half of salaries
Illegal Burmese migrants: caught between hiding or becoming legal
NEWS ON REFUGEES
UNHCR chief expresses hope for Japan’s success in resettling refugees
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NEWS ON MIGRANTS
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Burmese migrants to remit half of salaries
Nov 20, 2009 (DVB)
Burmese nationals working abroad have been instructed by the ruling junta to send up to 50 percent of their salary home in remittances, via a state-owned bank.
According to the new regulation, enforced by Burma’s labour ministry, those who earn less than $US200 per month working abroad are to send 30 percent of their salary back to Burma, while those earning above $US400 are to send 50 percent back.
The latest data available from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) shows that remittances to Burma in 2004 totaled $US81.3 million.
The announcement, made last week in several Burmese journals, said that the regulation will be enforced by government employees working abroad under departments such as the Union of Myanmar Federation of Chambers of Commerce and Myanmar Women’s Affairs Federation.
On top of this, all Burmese nationals working overseas are to pay 10 percent of their salary as tax to the Burmese embassy in their respective countries of employment.
The announcement follows the recent granting of temporary passports to Burmese working in Thailand, although it is not clear whether these will also be scrutinised under the new regulation.
A Burmese national working in Singapore said however that it would be impossible for migrant workers to follow the rule.
“Some people have their whole family here; they have kids to send to school here and families to look after. How would they be able to pay half of their salary?”
Another Singapore-based Burmese national said that the regulation could force people into adopting a new citizenship to avoid paying the fee, which “could lead educated citizens of Burma to become citizens of other countries”.
Critics of the idea claim that the regulation will bring more stable foreign currency to the state-owned bank, while those who receive the remittance will be given the unstable Burmese currency, which has recently appreciated.
Although the government puts the official exchange rate at six kyat to the United States’ dollar, the unofficial blackmarket rate is closer to 1000 kyat per US dollar.
The government has been accused in the past of using the irregularity between the official and unofficial exchange rate to hide income, particularly from sales of oil and gas.
Outrage at the apparent siphoning off by the government of aid funding to Burma following cyclone Nargis last year exposed levels of state corruption in the country, which were reinforced earlier this week by a Transparency International report which ranked Burma as the third most corrupt country in the world.
http://english.dvb.no/news.php?id=3074
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Illegal Burmese migrants: caught between hiding or becoming legal
By JACKIE POLLOCK, November 21, 2009
MANY OF the estimated 2 million Burmese migrants currently living in Thailand can remember the mass deportation a decade ago. With the threat of another mass expulsion looming, migrant workers are exploring their options and hoping to avoid the panic, the desperation and the dangers of November 1999.
This collective memory is in itself an acknowledgement of the number of years that migrants have given to Thailand, but despite this, they still have limited options to secure their livelihood, safety and all options that render them temporary commodities.
Newly arrived migrants from Burma only have one option and that is to live and work illegally in Thailand. Migrants who have missed all of the registrations offered by Thailand must also live a clandestine life. Migrants who have registered and re-registered since 2004 have the option of re-registering but this time with the proviso that their details will be sent to Burmese authorities to have their nationality verified. Those who pass this scrutiny will then be issued a temporary passport to allow them to enter Thailand legally for work. Ironically, the illegal workers may be the most permanent of all the workers. They certainly are the largest in number, currently estimated at around 1.5 million.
The 600,000 registered migrants have permission to stay year by year, with a threat of deportation at the end of each 12-month cycle. Next year, all the various registration processes expire on the same date, February 28, 2010, with the threat of mass expulsion.
The temporary passports being issued to migrants, who have had their nationality confirmed, are part of a process started by the signing of a memorandum of understanding between Thailand and Burma in 2003. To date, only around 2,000 Burmese migrants have been issued with passports. As the name implies, these passports are only valid for three years. Migrants with these passports can then apply for a work permit, which may be extended for a further two years. After four years of working in Thailand, the migrant will not be allowed back for three years.
Many of the ethnic nationalities of Burma fear repercussions for their families if they enter the verification process and so are opting out of the whole registration process. Having read the policy and heard the threats, they are preparing to go home. They are working hard, saving money and asking around about jobs in other countries. They will require some assistance from Thai authorities to safely return to the border and bid farewell to their lives in Thailand.
Others who are rejecting the verification and passport process are making preparations of a different kind. They are preparing to return to the illegal status and continue working. Many already have the experience of being considered illegal and their experience is often that legal status does not make a great deal of difference. Registering for a migrant worker’s card has never guaranteed a minimum wage or proper health and safety standards or even days off. So, they will save the money they would normally have paid for registration, and instead give it under the table when demanded from the local police or immigration. They are also preparing to ward off brokers and traffickers, and to run when needed.
And then there are some migrants who vacillate between getting verified or not. The right to have a nationality, passport, be legal for four years, be able to travel by local transport or drive are tempting. But the concerns about taxation, repercussions on family members, increased costs and the experience that the Burmese military regime has no qualms on backtracking on policies and promises remain strong deterrents. Maybe if the incentives were greater, more migrants would enter the process. If having a passport and work permit guaranteed regular payment of minimum wage; if it was not left up to the discretion of the employer to register workers in the social security system to ensure that workers got free healthcare and welfare benefits and rights; if the work permit did not come with the three-year ban; maybe if migrants were not classed as second-class citizens only worthy of a temporary passport; maybe if migrants could travel on a normal passport and make their own decisions regarding which country offered better conditions, more migrants would be eager to join the process.
Even the previous registrations of migrant workers in Thailand in their own way provided more security and stability than the four years of the passport. Though only annual policies, they have been renewed again and again over the last 17 years. Even the current policy acknowledges the length of time migrants stay. All those migrants registering today have been in Thailand for five years. With the passport system, they would be long gone, having passed their expiry date of four years. With the ban on returning for the following three years, they will surely be off to the Middle East or elsewhere, certainly not waiting around to return to Thailand.
Registration, temporary work permits, illegal status – the choices are limited. And the choices all ignore the migrants and their families, their lives, their talents, their interests and their dreams. The choices all focus only on the productivity of the migrants, on the profits for the employers and the country’s economy. Woven through every policy is the discourse of illegality and impermanence. It is time that migrants were afforded identity, rights and protection as people as well as workers. A migrant’s right to healthcare or to housing should not be dependent on an employer. Migrants need legal status as a people first and then as workers.
“Booths on the border” is one possible solution. A migrant crosses into Thailand and immediately gets a card with a photograph, which is then entered into a computerised system. Thailand has the technology. The long porous border, supposedly impossible to man, seems a bit of a myth when one sits and watches the rubber rings floating across at Myawaddy to Mae Sot. If the border is so long and porous, why cross right in front of the immigration authorities? Land-mined and militarised might better describe the Thai-Burma border. Immediate documentation of migrants on arrival would put traffickers out of business, and brokers could only facilitate not manipulate the labour market. Migrants could travel freely to their places of work and then register with local authorities once they have found work.
More migrants might come, but more migrants might also return. Research has shown that the greater the restrictions placed on migration, the longer migrants stay put. Ease the restrictions and migrants can move with the economy, the labour flows and the normal patterns of ones life. The restrictions mean that migrants risk everything to move and so will not take that risk a second time, they will stay in the country of destination despite economic downfalls or bad conditions because the risk of getting home and not being able to return is too great.
If limiting the number of migrants arriving is a concern, then Thailand together with Asean countries need to address the situation in Burma. Migrants from Burma are simply looking for a chance to have a stable, secure livelihood and outlive the military regime. Asean needs to speed up the demise of the military dictatorship in Burma and give migrants the choice of living in their own country or migrating for work.
There is an urgent need for review of the policies towards migrants and towards Burma. Mass expulsion and mass unemployment of migrants without temporary passports in February 2010 is a repugnant solution; collective expulsions are inherently arbitrary and thus prohibited under international human-rights law. They invariably result in accidents, abuse and the separation of families.
Migrants have voiced concerns over the temporary passports, and these concerns need to be taken into consideration for future policies. The temporary passport may be one option but it is not the choice for most migrants, and would take years to implement even with full cooperation from the migrants, employers and Burmese authorities. Migrants are asking for policies which protect their rights and dignity as people, which enforce labour standards equal to their Thai counterparts, and which do not force them to live in states of insecurity, instability and dishonesty.
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NEWS ON REFUGEES
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UNHCR chief expresses hope for Japan’s success in resettling refugees
Saturday 21st November, 04:34 AM JST
Visiting U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees Antonio Guterres said Friday he hopes Japan will successfully resettle 90 refugees from Myanmar and other countries through its planned pilot program and become a ‘‘resettlement country.’’ While the number of the refugees Japan is set to accept is small, Guterres, a former prime minister of Portugal, said the significance is not in the figures.
‘‘For us, the numbers do not matter. What matters is the symbolic nature of this initiative,’’ he said at a press conference in Tokyo, adding that Japan will be the first Asian country to become a refugee resettlement country and the program’s success could make resettlement an effective solution to the refugee issues. Starting from fiscal 2010, Japan is set to annually accept 30 refugees who have fled the suppression of human rights by Myanmar’s military government and currently live in border camps in Thailand under the resettlement program.
Guterres also said he has discussed issues surrounding Japan’s asylum system with Japanese officials during his two-day visit since Thursday, and that he was ‘‘extremely encouraged’’ by their attitude and the progress made so far.
The UNHCR is now working with the Japanese government to review and revise the Japanese asylum system, mainly over refugee status determination, possible alternatives to the detention of asylum seekers and assistance as well as protections to be extended, Guterres said.
Critics have said the system is too slow in determining refugee status and keeps hundreds of asylum seekers detained.
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?????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ????????????????? ????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????? ??? ??????? ????????????? ??????????????????????? ???????????? ??????????????????????
??????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????????? (Bangkok Post) ???????? ??????????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ???????????????? “????? ?????????????? ???????????????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ???????? ???????????????? ????????? ??????????????????? ???????????? ???????? ?????????????? ?? ????????????????????????? ??????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ????????????? ????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ????????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ????” ?? ??????????????????????
??????? ????????????????????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ???????? ?? ?????????????? ???????????????????????????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????????????? ??????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ????????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ? ?????????? ??????????? ????????????????? ??????????????????????? ??????????????????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????????????????????? ????????????? ?????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ????? ???? ??????????? ????????? ?????????????? ?????????
???? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ????????????????? ?????? ???????????????? ???? ????????????? ??????????? ????????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ??????? ????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ???????? ??????????????? ???????????????? ??????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ??????????
ANDY HALL ?????????? A Debate Worth Having? ??? ???????????? ???????????????????
Andy Hall ??? ????????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????????????? (Human Rights and Development Foundation) ?? ??????????????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ???????????????????
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???????? ??????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????
Friday, 20 November 2009 18:35
?????????????? ?????????????? ??????????????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????? ??????? ????????????????????? ?????????????? ?????????(??????????????)???? ????????????????????? ???????
????? (?)?????????????????? ????????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????????? ????????????????? (???)???/???? ?????????????
???????????? ???????????????????????????? ??. ??. ?? ??????? ????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????? ?????????????????????? ???????? ?????????????? ????????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????? ??????? ????????????????? ????????????? ??????? ?????????????????
??????? ??????????????????? ??????? (???)??????????? ?????????????? ????????? (?)??????????? ???????????? ????????????????? ???????(??????????????)??? ???????????????? ???????????
??????????????? ???????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????? “????????? ???????????????????? ???????????? ????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????????? ???????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????????????? ??????????” ????????????
?????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????? (?)??????? ????????????? ?? ?????? ??????????
??????????????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????
“?????????? ????????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????? ????????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????????????????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ????????????? ?????????? ???????”?? ????????
??????????? ??????????????????? ???? (??)????? ???????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ???????? ????????? ??????????????????????????
?????????????? ???????????????? ???????? “??????????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????(??????????)????????????? ????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????? ???????????????????? ????????????? ????????? ??????????????? ????????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????????????????? ????? ?????????????? ??????????????? ??? ????????????? ?????????????????????? ???????? ????????????????? ???????????????”?? ????????
?????????????????????? ??????????? ????????????????????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ????????????????????????? ?????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ???????????????????? ???? ???????????(??)??????? ???????????????????????
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???????????????????? ???????? ???????????? ??????????????????? ???????? ???????
????????? ?????? ???????????? (?????????)
????????????????????????? ???????????????(???????????????????)? ???????????????????? ??????????????? ???? ???? ????????????????? ????????????????????????? ???????? ???????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????? ???? ???????????????????????(????????)? ????????????????
???????? ?????? ??????????????????? “?????????????????????? ????????????? ??????????? ????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ???????????????????? ????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ????? ?? ??????????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????????”?? ???????????? ????????
????????? ???????? ????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ????????????? ??? ?????? ?????????????????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?????????????????
????????? ????????????????? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????????? ???????????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ????????????????????? ??????????? ???????????????? ??????????????????? ???????
??? ???????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????????????(????????)????? ????????????????????????? ???????(??????????) ?????????? ???????????? ???? ??????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????? ???? ???????????????(Landfall)???? ??????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????????????????? ??? ???????????? ??????????????? ????????? ?????????????????????? ???????? ????????????????????? ??????????? ??? ??????????????? ??????????????
?????????? ??????????????????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????????????? ??????? ???????????????? ??????????? ???????????????? ?????????? ?????????????????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????????????????????? ??????? ????????????? ????????????????????? ????????????????????
???????????????? ???????????????????????(?????????)? ?????????????????????? ???????? ????????????????????? ?????????? ????? ?????????????? ??????????????????????? ?????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ????????? ??????? ????????????????? ???????? ????????? ???????????????????????????????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????????????????
??????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ?????????? ???????????????????? ?????????? ????????????? ?????????? ????????????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????????????????? ????????????? ???????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ???????
?????? ????????? ?????? ???????????????????? ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ????????????? ??????? ???????? ???????????(Presidency) ???????????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ????????? ????????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ???? ???????????? ???????????????????? ???????
http://www.kicnews.org/?p=1306
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http://burmese.dvb.no/textonly/
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?????????????????? ???????????????????? ????????????
2009-11-21
????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????????? ?????? ???????????? ????? ? ??? H1N1 ???????????????????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????????????? ???????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????????
???????????????????? ????? ????????????? ?????????? ????????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????????????????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????????
?? ?????????? ??????????????????????? ????????? ????????????????????????? ?????????????? ????????????? ?????????
???????? ??????????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????? ????????? ?????? ??????????????? ???? ????????????? ????????????????????? ???????????????????? ????????????? ??????????????????????? ?????????
????????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ???????????? ????? ? ??? ????????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????
????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????????????? KNRC ? ????????????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ?????????????? ????????? ???????????????? ????????????????????? ??????? IRC ??? ??????????????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????????????????? ?????????????
??????-?????? ??????????????????? ???????????? ? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????? ????? (?) ???? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????????
http://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/H1N1_outbreak_at_Karenni_Refugee_Camp-11212009125539.html
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????????? ???????????????…
Saturday, 21 November 2009 19:11 ??????????
??????????? ???????????????? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????????? ????????? NGO ???? ??? ???? NGO ?? ????? ?????????? ???????????????? ???????????? ??? ????????? ????? ?????????????? ????
NGO ??? ?????????????????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ??? ?????????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????????? ???? ???????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????
NGO ???? ??????? ?????????????? ????????? ?????????????? NGO ?????? ???????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ???? ??? ??????????????? ???????????????????????? ????????? NGO? ????? ???????? ???????? NGO ??? ?????? ????????????? ?????????????? ?????? ????????????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ?????????????? ?? NGO ???????? ????? ?????????????????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???????????????
???????????????? ?????? ???? ?????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ????? ????????????? ??????????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ???????? ???????? ????????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??????????????? ??????????????????? NGO ??? ??????? ??????????
???????????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????
??????????? 3D Fund ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ????????? ????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ????????
3D Fund ??????????? ????? ?????????????? ???????????????? ? ???????????????? ??????????????? ??????? ????????????????? ?????????? ????????????? ???? ??? ?????????????????????? ??????????? ????? ? ????? ??????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????
???? 3D Fund ? ???????????????? ????? ???????????? ?????????????? ????? NGO ??? ???????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ????? NGO ?????? ???????????? ??????????? ????? ????????????? ??????????? 3D Fund ??? ??? ??????????? ??????????????
????????? ????????????? ?????? ????????????????? ?????? ????????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????????? ????????????????????? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????????? ??????????
??????????????? NGO ?????? ??????????????? ?? ????????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ??????????????????????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ??????????????????? ???????? ?????????
????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????????????? ????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????? ????? ??????????????? ???????????????? ?????? ?????????????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ????????????????
3D Fund ? NGO ?????? ???????????? ????? ?????????? NGO ???? ??????????????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????????? ????????????
3D Fund ? ???? ?????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????
??????????? ????????????? ???????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? HIV ??? ?????????? ???????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????????? NGO ?????? ?????????????? ????????????????????????? ????????????
3D Fund ????? ???? ??????????????????? ???????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ?????????????? ?????????? Global Fund ????????????????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????? ?????????????? ?????? ????????????????? ???? ??????? ???????????????? ????????????????????
????????????? ???? Global Fund ??????????? ???????????????? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ?????????????????????? ????????????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ?????????????? ???????? ????????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ????????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ?????????????
??????? ????????????? ?????????????? ?? ????????? ???????????????? ?????????? ?? ????????????? ????????????
??????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ????????????? NGO ???? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ??????????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ????????????? ???? ???????? ???? ?????????????????? ???????????? “???????? ????????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????” ??????? ??????? ????????????? ?????? ?????????????????????
???????????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ? ?????????? ??????? ???? ????????? ??? ? ???? ??????? ?????????????? ??????????? ????????????? ??????? ?? ??????????????? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ????? NGO ??????? ????????????? ??????? ???? ????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ??????????????? ?????????? ?????????????
????? HIV/AIDS ??????? ??????????? ??????????????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???????????????? ???????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????????
?????????????? ????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ??????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ????????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ????? ?????????? ????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????????????? ???????????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????? ????????????? ???????? ????????????????
??? ????????????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ????????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ?????????????? ???? ????? ??????????
?????????? ????????????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ????????? ???? ??????????????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??????????????????? ?
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H1N1 ????????????? ?????? ???????
??????????????(??)/ ???????? ??? ????
??????-??????????????? ?????? ????? ? ??????? ?????? H1N1 ??????????????????? ????????????????? ??????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ???????????????
??????????? ????????????? ??????? ??????????????????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????????????????? ???????? ???????????????? ????????? ????????????
“??????? H1N1 ????????? ????????????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????????????” ?? ????????????????????? ???????????????????? ??? ???????? ??????????
?????????????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ??????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ????? ??????????????? ????????? ???? ?????????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????
“???????? ?????????? ?????????????? ? ? ???????????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ????????????? ?????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????????????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????????” ?? ??????????????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ??????????
????????? ??????? ????????????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????????????????? ??????????????? ????????????????
“????? ??????????? ????????? ??????????? ??????????????? (ARI) ??????? ?????????????? ????????????? ????????????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????????” ?? ?????? ????? ? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ?????? ????????
Swine Flu-H1N1 ??????? ????????? ???????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ????????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????????? ???????????????? ????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????? ???? ???????????????????
???????????????????? ?????????????????? ?????????? ????????????????? ??????????????? ????????????????????? ?????? ??????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????????? WHO ?????????????????????? H1N1 ???????????????????? ?????????? ?????????? (http://www.who.int/csr/disease/swineflu/en/) ? ????????????????
???????? ????????? ??????????????? H1N1 ???????? ??????????? ?????????????? ??????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????????? ??????????? (Mutation) ?????????????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????????? Tami flu (Oseltamivir) ??? Relenza (zanamivir) ?????? ????????????????? ??????????????? ?????? ???????????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ???????
http://www.ktimes.org/thatin/1-latest-news/519-h1n1-.html
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?????????????? ?? ???????? ????? ?????????
2009-11-22
?????????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ?? ??? ?????????? ???????? ??????????????? ???????????????? ??????????????????? ????????????? ??????????? ???????????????? ??????????? ???????????????????????
?????????????? ????????????? ??????????????????? ??????? ???????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????????????? ????????????????? ????????? ??????????? ???????????????????? ??????????????? ?????????
????????? ??????????????????? ?????? ????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ?????? ?????????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????????? ??????????? ????????????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????????
??????????? ?????? ??????? Pilot Projedct ???? ??????????? ???????????? ????????????? ???????? ?? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ? ????? ??????????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ???????????? ????? ???? ?????? ????????????? ??????????????? ??????? ??????? ??????
?????????????????? ????????????? ????????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????? UNHCR ??? ??????? ??????????? ????????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????????? ??????????? ????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????????? ?????????
???? ??? ???? ????????? ????????????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????????????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????????????? ???????????? ??????????????????????? ?????????
???????????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ?????? ??????????????????? ????????????? ?????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????? ????????????? ????????????????? ????????????????????????
http://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/Japan_to_take_30_Burmese_refugee-11222009104414.html
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