HEADLINES
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NEWS ON MIGRANTS
Free schooling for children of legal migrant workers
UN Report Speaks Up for Migrant Workers
Migrant group welcomes UN report
Thailand affected by situation in Burma
Alien workers’ kids get lifeline
NEWS ON REFUGEES
FBR REPORT: Update on Rape Victim
Thailand: We Won’t Send Back Refugees
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NEWS ON MIGRANTS
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Free schooling for children of legal migrant workers
THE NATION, Oct 7, 2009
Children under 15 of legl migrant workers will be allowed to register for free schooling and basic medical care under a draft immigration regulation.
The change of heart has drawn praise from non-governmental organizations and human rights activists as a gesture of goodwill towards migrant workers that would advance national security rather than detract from it.
The proposal from the government committee by migrants would likely be submitted to the Cabinet next Tuesday, Labor Minister Phaitoon Kaewthong said yesterday.
It is expected to be approved immediately in order to prevent other people from entering the country to exploit the measure, he said.
The new rule would mean that these children could stay on in Thailand with their parents, instead of being repatriated, he said.
About 200,000 children fit the qualifications for social welfare under the proposed regulation.
Adisorn Kerdmongkol, an activist, welcomed the policy, saying it should have come much earlier.
“This is a good move, which is beneficial to Thailand in many ways, especially systematic registration to keep records of migrant workers at all levels and ages,” he said.
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UN Report Speaks Up for Migrant Workers
By SIMON ROUGHNEEN Wednesday, October 7, 2009
At the global launch of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) 2009 Human Development Report in Bangkok on Monday, Thailand’s Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva said the report’s findings provide “guidance for policymakers around the world.”
The UNDP report calls on countries to focus on the economic benefits that migration can bring to a host country and recommends that recipient countries allow more unskilled workers to move more freely, based on transparent procedures, with access to education and health services, and with reduced transaction costs.
Thailand hosts an estimated 2 to 3 million Burmese economic migrants. The push and pull factors determining Burmese migration to Thailand are stark.
Discussing migration issues in Southeast Asia, the report said, “Someone born in Thailand can expect to live seven more years, to have almost three times as many years of education, and save almost eight times as much as someone born in Myanmar [Burma].”
Thailand has provided a better life for Burmese fleeing a dormant, state-dominated and resource-driven economy at home. Seventy percent of Burmese are thought to be subsistence farmers and many families rely on remittances sent home by migrants to survive.
Burmese emigrants remitted an estimated US $125million in 2007, according to the UNDP report.
Often Burmese migrants in Thailand take jobs that Thais do not want. However, as outlined in a paper by Bryant Yuan Fu Yang in the Spring 2009 edition of the Thailand Law Journal, some Thais see Burmese as taking away jobs from locals.
“Since Burmese migrants, especially the undocumented ones, are willing to work for very low wages and in unsafe environments, many view them as driving down working conditions,” said Bryant Yuan Fu Yang.
However, the Thai economy has grown strongly since 1997, at least until the onset of the global economic crisis in September 2008, and it is widely-accepted that the influx of cheap Burmese labor enabled many Thai businesses to keep costs down and retain competitiveness in an increasingly global market.
This fits in with the overall findings discussed by UNDP. “Migration brings significant benefits across the board, which could be further enhanced by better policies at home and abroad,” according to the lead author of the report, Jeni Klugman.
However, it appears that Thailand’s policies do not yet match up to the recommendations in the UNDP report. In his speech on Monday, PM Abhisit acknowledged that migration “brings with it risks in terms of human smuggling and trafficking.”
A recent US State Department report on human trafficking named Malaysia as one of 17 countries of concern and though the report commended Thailand for its efforts to curb trafficking, it mentioned media reports that alleged that Burmese migrants in Malaysia are trafficked into Thailand.
To prevent this, and to regularize the situation for Burmese migrants in Thailand, many of whom work illegally, the PM said, “We realize that the most effective way to protect these migrants is to legalize their status and bring them into the formal labor market.”
One of the mechanisms being put in place is the nationality verification process for Burmese migrants in Thailand, which is based on an agreement signed by the Royal Thai Government and the Burmese junta in 2004. Implementation was delayed as the junta insisted that verification take place in Burma—requiring all Burmese migrants to cross the border to register for the process.
Both sides agreed to allow verification to take place in border towns in Burma, and all Burmese migrants in Thailand must complete the process by February 2010 or face deportation.
Migrant advocacy groups are lobbying against the process, which they see as unwieldy, and potentially compromising the security of migrants from ethnic minorities, and their families living in Burma. Many migrants do not want to return to Burma for fear of questioning or detention by Burmese officials, say rights advocates.
According to a joint press release issued by the the State Enterprise Workers Relations Confederation (SERC), the Human Rights and Development Foundation (HRDF) and the Thai Labour Solidarity Committee (TLSC), Thai authorities have not informed Burmese migrants or NGOs in sufficient detail about the process.
Andy Hall directs the Migrant Justice Programme at HRDF. He told The Irrawaddy that “the nationality verification process goes against everything being recommended in the UNDP report.”
According to the release, “Migrants can submit biographical information to brokers to get called to verify their nationality in Burma and obtain a passport within months, or instead submit information formally to employment offices and receive a slower response.
Formal government costs are low (600 to 2,100 baht/US $17 to $60) but broker fees are unregulated and high (starting around 7,500 baht/US $200). RTG officials often ‘recommend’ private brokers to speed up the process.”
Migrant advocates also fear that traffickers will exploit the nationality verification process, undermining the positive steps taken by Thailand to curb human trafficking.
http://irrawaddy.org/article.php?art_id=16944
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Migrant group welcomes UN report
Oct 7, 2009 (DVB)
A recent UN human development report that takes a positive stance on migration has been welcomed by a Thai-border based Burmese migrant workers group.
The UN Development Programme (UNDP) report, ‘Overcoming Barriers’, states that “migrants boost economic output” and recommends the “lowering of barriers to movement and improving the treatment of movers”.
The report highlighted an agreement between Burma and Thailand to issue Burmese migrant workers with temporary passports, although said that “continuing complaints suggest that delays and demands for bribes remain common”.
Moe Swe, the head of Yaung Chi Oo migrant group in Thailand’s Mae Sot, welcomed the focus of the report, but added that there remains “a lot of confusion” surrounding the temporary passport scheme.
When registering for a passport in Thailand, the Thai authorities seek verification of their nationality with Burmese officials across the border, who then refer the case on to local government authorities.
He said that local authorities often demand money from family members of the worker, with “some migrants…threatened by local authorities”.
He added that “economic problems, unemployment and the unstable political situation” were causing more Burmese to cross into Thailand in search of work.
The report noted that someone born in Thailand “can expect to live seven more years, to have almost three times as many years of education, and to spend and save eight times as much as someone born in neighbouring Myanmar”.
Moe Swe said however that there is a “problem of implementation” of many of Thailand’s labour laws, particularly in Mae Sot.
Discrimination of Burmese workers by employers is also a big problem, and is compounded by the fact that employers are often “very close to the local [Thai] authorities”.
The report also highlights nations, including Burma, that restrict the departure of migrants, with discrimination common among female migrants. Alongside Sudan and Zimbabwe, Burma was labeled an “extreme case” of internal migration.
“Sudan, Myanmar [Burma] and Zimbabwe each had more than 500,000 crisis-affected people who were beyond the reach of any humanitarian assistance,” the report said.
http://english.dvb.no/news.php?id=2929
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Thailand affected by situation in Burma
by Usa Pichai Wednesday, 07 October 2009 14:21
Chiang Mai (Mizzima) – The ongoing conflict between the Burmese Army and ethnic armed groups and Thailand’s energy dependence on its neighbour has significantly affected Thai security policy and bilateral relations between the two countries, according to a conference in Bangkok.
Bhornchart Bunnag , Director of the Bureau of Border Security Affairs and Defence at the National Security Council (NSC) said in a conference at Chulalongkorn University in Bangkok on Tuesday that Thailand was affected the most by the situations in Burma. The bilateral policy has many angles which need to be considered.
“Thailand’s policy towards Burma has changed in the past few years. These include development projects that would link it with Burma China and Lao. It would not only affect trading but could lead to more trans-border crimes. We should prepare for that eventuality,” he said.
“In addition, Thailand is dependent on energy resources from neighbouring countries particularly Lao and Burma. It increasingly affects security and bilateral affairs,” Bhornchart said at the conference.
The conference “Thailand’s Position, Roles and Policy towards Burma/Myanmar” was organized on Tuesday by the Faculty of Political Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok. Participants included diplomats, and scholars focusing on Burma and the media.
Bhornchart added that the government would continue to abide by the current policy of not forcing refugees back to unsafe areas. He said, “Any repatriation of displaced people would be voluntary,” according to a report in The Nation newspaper on Tuesday.
Moreover, Bhornchart said, the refugee situation could worsen if the Burmese Army launched more attacks against cease-fire groups, such as the Shan or the Wa rebels.
Democrat Party MP Kraisak Choonhavan and Chairperson of ASEAN Inter-Parliamentary Myanmar Caucus said that the international community and Thailand should be more concerned regarding the plight of displaced people, particularly Karen and the Shan groups, both inside Burma and those residing in camps along the Thai border.
Kraisak pointed out that the development projects which Thailand had invested in led to more human rights violations in Burma as in the case of dam construction projects on Salween Rivers. Here the Burmese junta forced the relocation of numerous of ethnic people. In addition, the recent clashes between the Burmese Army and the Wa armed group on Thailand and China borders could force many more refugees into Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai provinces.
He also drew attention to a well-known report, ‘License to Rape,’ saying the outrage committed against minority women by the Burmese military is occurring in resource-rich areas.
Assistant Prof Puangthong Pawakapan, a scholar from the Faculty of Political Science at Chulalongkorn University, dismissed suggestions that conflict and human rights violations inside Burma were their internal problems not because of international influence but because Thailand is at the receiving end.
“Thailand doesn’t have a coherent policy on Burma. We want cheap migrant labourers and natural resources such as timber but we don’t seem to realize that the Burmese junta forces their own people from that area so that we can have these concessions,” she added.
General Vaipot Srinual, former Deputy Permanent-Secretary of the Ministry of Defence said that Thailand’s military still has to take preventive measures for low-scale conflicts along the border. Burma, however, should be the main actor in solving its problem.
http://www.mizzima.com/news/regional/2872-thailand-affected-by-situation-in-burma.html
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Alien workers’ kids get lifeline
8/10/2009 at 12:00 AM
The committee managing illegal alien workers’ affairs has voted to allow the workers to register their children with the Thai state.
Labour Minister Paitoon Kaewthong yesterday said the committee had agreed to allow the workers to register their children aged 15 and under with the Department of Provincial Administration.
The minister said the approval was being granted on humanitarian grounds following concerns that children might be forced from the country and separated from their parents.
The committee earlier decided to exclude the children of alien workers from the employment registration forms. Mr Paitoon said the revised decision would be brought before the cabinet for approval.
Labour activist Adisorn Kerdmongkol yesterday praised the government for its change of heart.
He said the move would provide the children with access to basic social welfare and services.
”Moreover, they will not have to hide and face arrest,” he said.
Migrant workers were unlikely to send their children back to their home country and under the old order, they would have been forced to hide them from the authorities.
A coalition working for the rights of migrant workers yesterday called on the government to closely monitor the implementation of its policy to verify the nationality of alien workers.
Activist Somchai Homla-or said the authorities had to make sure the verification process was transparent, otherwise it would be exploited by elements to extort money from the workers.
He said brokers had offered to transport Burmese workers to verify their nationality.
Mr Somchai said Thai authorities should ask the Burmese government if it was possible to verify the workers’ nationality in Thailand to reduce their travel costs.
There are estimated to be more than 2 million Burmese workers in Thailand.
Burmese migrant workers can seek nationality certification in one of three places on the Burmese side of the border _ Victoria Point (Kawthaung), Myawaddy or Tachilek.
The nationality identification is part of an agreement Thailand has struck with neighbouring countries on labour and employment cooperation.
Of more than a million registered alien workers, only 73,000 have verified their nationality and most of those are Lao or Cambodians.
Sawit Kaewwan, secretary-general of the State Enterprise Labour Relations Confederation, said there were reports workers had been charged from 8,000 to 15,000 baht each by brokers for help with the verification process.
He said the workers would not cooperate if they felt they were being taken advantage of.
http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/local/25221/alien-workers-kids-get-lifeline
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NEWS ON REFUGEES
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FBR REPORT: Update on Rape Victim
Karen State, Burma 5 October, 2009
The report below, of two women raped by a Burma Army commander, Khin Maung Hsit, was initially sent out on September 6, 2009. The FBR teams on the ground have now sent a photograph of one of the rape victims, Naw Eh Hla (names have been changed), pictured below. According to her testimony, the commander came into the village on August 18, forced her to drink alcohol and then raped her. The other woman from the earlier report could not be interviewed because she was afraid to leave her clinic, as it is located in an area frequented by local Burma Army soldiers. Commander Khin Maung Hsit has now rotated out of command in this area and been replaced by Commander Tain Win.
Burma Army Commander Khin Maung Hsit Charged with Rapes, Numerous Other Abuses
Commander Khin Maung Hsit has raped two women and engaged in numerous other abuses since he took control of Military Operations Command 5 (MOC5) operations in the area of Kler La (Bawgali Gyi) in Toungoo District, northern Karen State. Since taking command of the camp on August 15, Khin Maung Hsit acted with impunity in violating and abusing the residents of Kler La. The following are examples of his recent actions.
- After drinking one village’s alcohol, he took the local teacher, Naw Paw See (all names have been changed), ordered her to strip, and proceeded to rape her.
- He also raped Naw Eh Hla, after forcing her to drink alcohol and give him a massage.
- After losing at a game of cards with the villagers, he arrested Saw Thoe Pan and had him tied up at Kler La Camp.
- Again, after losing a game of Snooker, he had Saw Poe Ju arrested and taken back to Kler La Camp.
- Every time Commander Khin Maung Hsit comes to one of the nearby villages, he demands 3 bottles of whiskey. Each bottle is worth 30,000 kyat (approximately $30).
According to the FBR team, soldiers from Light Infantry Battalion (LIB) 544, which is under MOC5, also raped Naw Eh Wa and Naw Blu Paw, both from villages in the area of Kler La.
http://www.freeburmarangers.org/Reports/2009/20091005.html
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Thailand: We Won’t Send Back Refugees
By SAW YAN NAING Wednesday, October 7, 2009
A leading Thai security official predicted on Tuesday that more than 200,000 refugees from Burma would flood into northern Thailand if fighting broke out again in northern Burma, but added that refugees would not be forcibly repatriated, according to a Bangkok-based daily The Nation.
Speaking at a conference on Thailand-Burma relations at Chulalongkorn University, Bhornchart Bunnag, the director of the Bureau of Border Security Affairs at the National Security Council, said that the outbreak of hostilities between Burmese government forces and the United Wa State Army (UWSA) could force more than 200,000 refugees into northern Thailand’s Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai provinces.
He was quoted by The Nation as saying that Thai border authorities would continue to abide by the current policy of not forcing refugees back to unsafe areas.
“Any repatriation of displaced people would be voluntary,” he reportedly said.
Bhornchart’s statement is likely to raise eyebrows given the Thai government’s anti-narcotics policy and the fact that the 20,000-strong UWSA is frequently cited as one of the world’s biggest drug trafficking groups, notorious not only for opium and heroin production but for the manufacture of methamphetamines in recent years.
Observers said the Thai authorities will be very busy if Wa civilians in southern Shan State flee into northern Thailand. However, they generally acknowledged that the Thais will probably look to using the situation as part of a plan to eradicate drugs in the region.
Saeng Juen, an editor with the Thailand-based Shan Herald Agency for News, said the Thai authorities will accept Wa civilians from a humanitarian perspective, but would move against those they considered linked with the drug trade.
The UWSA’s second in command, Wei Hsueh-Kang, is wanted in Thailand and the United States.
Four years ago, the US indicted eight Wa leaders after a court described the UWSA as “a criminal narcotics trafficking organization.”
Win Min, a Burma expert based in Chiang Mai, told The Irrawaddy on Wednesday that “Thailand wants Wei Hsueh-Kang, for sure.”
However, he said he doesn’t think an attack against the Wa can put an end to drug trafficking in the region.
“If the entire UWSA collapses, that will be another story,” said Win Min.
Hla Kyaw Zaw, a senior member of the Communist Party of Burma, based on the Sino-Burmese border, however, said that the Burmese government will try to discredit the UWSA leaders as drug traffickers as justification for attacking them.
The UWSA is widely rumored to rely on its drugs profits to maintain its large army and keep it equipped with arms. Its other sources of income are reported to be logging, zinc mining, casinos and taxation.
Thailand recently accepted a wave of refugees from Burma when an influx of some 3,000 to 4,000 displaced Karen were temporarily sheltered in Tha Song Yang District following an offensive by the Burmese government’s troops and their allies, the Democratic Karen Buddhist Army, against the Karen National Union (KNU) in June.
However, observers generally agree that the backgrounds of the KNU and the UWSA are very different.
“Thailand will likely agree with the Burmese regime’s attack against the Wa,” said Saeng Juen.
http://irrawaddy.org/highlight.php?art_id=16951
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http://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/migrant_workers_face_difficulties_in_malaysia-10072009151516.html
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Wednesday, 07 October 2009 18:46 ????????
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